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Technical Corner Facebrick
Unit Masonry Product Classification: 04200
Pine Hall Brick Co., Inc. P.O. Box 11044
OVER 75 YEARS OF QUALITY In 1997, Pine Hall Brick celebrated 75 years of service to commercial and architectural customers. Whether it is a large expansion of a major medical center or a local branch bank building, we are known as the company that is "easy to do business with". Our colors, our product quality, our technical service, our packaging and our deliveries are geared to satisfy our customer's "on the job" and "in the wall" problems. Distributed in over 35 states, we offer over 100 different styles of face brick, pavers and special shape brick for veneer wall and paving applications.
World Golf Hall of Fame-St. Augustine, FL
Authentic & simulated tumbled brick for
the antique look.
Madison Plants: Triassic shale raw material. Specification: 2.01 Clay Masonry Units-Brick
1.) ASTM C-216, Grade SW, Type FBS. B. Brick provided shall be similar in texture and physical properties to those approved samples available for inspection at the Architect/Engineer's office. In addition, brick provided shall not exceed the variation of color and texture of the approved sample. C. Special shape brick shall conform to drawing #(s)_______ per details supplied by _______________ and/or shop details by_______________ with final approval by project architect prior to manufacture. 3.03 Bonding A. Bond shall be running bond unless otherwise specified. 3.05 Tooling and Pointing A. Tool mortar joints to a concave appearance unless otherwise specified. 3.09 Cleaning A. Cleaning shall be performed per cube tag instructions. See BIA specifications in Technical Notes #20 and/or #14. If you would like a complete sample specification for clay unit masonry or clay pavers, call 800-334-8689 and ask for Architectural Services. For paver specifications, see unit pavers-02780 Pine Hall Brick. BRICK TAG INFORMATION - CLEANING & NOTICES
Madison Plants- Cleaning Minimize cleaning: Keep brick covered with
plastic; Keep mortar trowelings & droppings off brick;
Spread straw around the foundation to keep dirt off wall. If performing delayed cleaning, follow these simple rules: We recommend SureKlean 600 or equivalent with a proper dilution factor of 6 to 8 parts water. Do not use muriatic acid. Always test on a small hidden portion of the wall; Prewet wall thoroughly before cleaning and rinse after with clean water; Pressure washers with above mentioned cleaners can be used provided application pressure is limited to 30-50 psi and a 50 degree fan tip is used. Rinse pressures should not exceed 200-300 psi. Do not wetclean Chesapeake Pearl or Stoney River.
Efflorescence is a crystalline salt deposit on the surface and in the pores of concrete, masonry, and other building products. A phenomenon reported as early as the 1870's and much studied since, it can appear as sulphate and carbonate compounds of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and aluminum. Chlorides may also occur as efflorescence. This is usually a result of the use of calcium chloride as a mortar accelerator, contamination of masonry components (including sand) by sea water or the improper use of hydrochloric acids in cleaning solutions.
There are several sources for efflorescence: 1) the movement of groundwater that moves upwards, by capillary action or "wicking", into masonry or concrete materials. 2) salts in the soil that are in contact with paving can migrate above grade. 3) natural-state salts that are found in mortar, concrete or other building products. Although rare, some raw material used to make clay brick contain small amounts of salt. However, these small amounts are minor compared to studies that found two to seven times as much soluble material in concrete products versus fired clay material. W.E. Brownell concluded in his research study that the most common form of efflorescence comes from the "migration of 'free-alkali' solutions from the mortar to the brick" (applicable to rigid paving applications).
Efflorescing salts dissolve in water and are absorbed into the masonry pores. Typically, clay bricks can absorb 5% to 8% of their weight in water. Heat from the sun (or other source) begins to draw the moisture to the wall surface and as the water completely evaporates, the salt deposits are left on the surface.
Since humidity and moisture play a key role in the efflorescence process, some areas of the country will be effected more than others. Seasons will play a role as precipitation typically is heavier during season changes and will increase the likelihood of efflorescence.
The most important solution to solving efflorescence in a veneer wall is finding, locating and dealing with the source of water that is seeping behind the finished wall. The following conditions are potential sources:
- lack of proper flashing and weepholes
As a general rule, the removal of efflorescing salts from the face of masonry is relatively easy operation. Efflorescing salts are water soluble and generally will disappear on their own with normal weathering as the free salts dissipate from their source. This is particularly true of "new building bloom". White efflorescing salts can be removed with dry brushing or with clear water and a stiff brush. Heavy accumulations or stubborn deposits may require the use of special cleaners like Sure Klean products. If used, always follow the manufacturer's directions and start with a non-visible test area. Never use muriatic acid as damage to the mortar joints and wall can result, in addition to severe staining in some cases.
For further reference, see BIA Technical Notes- 23, 23A, 20. Sure Klean & VanaTrol cleaners are manufactured by ProSoCo, Inc., Kansas City, KS. Other cleaners from different manufacturers are also available.
Important notice: If upon delivery the shipment fails to meet color and quality standards, the manufacturer is to be notified. If notification is not received within 48 hours after shipment, product is deemed satisfactory. In no case does the manufacturer assume any responsibility after material is erected in the wall. Manufacturer disclaims any and all responsibility for improper cleaning. WARNING: The dust generated from dry sawing brick may contain silica and may be a potential health problem for the lungs although we are aware of no scientific evidence to support this conclusion. Wet sawing is recommended.
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